How to Make Beer at Home

First off, giving a congratulations to Rock Art Brewery in Vermont as they won their fight with Hansen Beverage Company for the right to continue to brew and market their brew called The Vermonster.

If you want to learn how to make beer at home, it is good to learn the history of beer making as well as source of the ingredients of all beer. Barley is the principle source of fermentable sugar in making beer.  Other sugars derived from corn, rice and wheat are used but they are considered to be adjuncts or additives to the barley base.  The barley plant comes in two types; two row and six row.  These terms refer to the number of individual grains on each barley stalk.  Two row barley tends to have plumper grains and less husk per weight of starch.  Six row barley, because of the lower starch to husk ratio will yield less sweet extract per pound of grain, but is preferred for some beer styles for technical reasons.

Want to know how to brew own beer?  Then you must understand barley, malted barley, and how it is grown and processed. Malted barley is a naturally processed form of barley.  The grain is steeped in water and allowed to begin sprouting.  This germination creates enzymes which are required to convert starch to fermentable sugar later in the brewing process.  The extent of germination is referred to as modifying.  The longer the germination the higher the modification.  Germination is stopped by drying the grain.  There are a variety of malting and drying methods used.  Each lends it’s own characteristics to the final malted barley.  They range from complete to light air dried to roasted.  The combining of different malt varieties into formulas or recipes is where brewing begins.  These formulas are called grain bills.  The grain bill will determine three important factors, for the finished beer among others.  Color, potential alcohol and sweetness.

Everyone who knows how to make homebrew knows that mashing is the first step in brewing.  The malted grains are crushed in a mill which is designed to crack the hard starch center of the grain while keeping the husk as whole as possible.  The crushed grain is called grist.  The grain must be crushed in order to aid the conversion of starch to sugar.  The idea is to provide as much surface area as possible for the enzymes, which were developed by malting, to attack the starch.  Mashing is a highly controlled process of heat, time and moisture.  The crushed grain is combined with hot water and held at specific temperatures for set amounts of time.  There are three main types of mashing.  Single infusion, step infusion and decoction.  Each method has its place in brewing different beer styles.